304L is the low carbon version of 304. It is used in heavy gauge components for improved weldability.
304H, a high carbon content variant, is also available for use at high temperatures.
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | Ni | Cr | Mo | N | |
| SUS304 | 0.08 | 0.75 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 8.50-10.50 | 18.00-20.00 | － | 0.10 |
| SUS304L | 0.030 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 9.00-13.00 | 18.00-20.00 | － | － |
| 304H | 0.030 | 0.75 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 8.00-10.50 | 18.00-20.00 | - | - |
Mechanical Properties
| Grade | Tensile Strength (MPa) min | Yield Strength 0.2% Proof (MPa) min | Elongation (% in 50 mm) min | Hardness | |||
| Rockwell B (HR B) max | Brinell (HB) max | HV | |||||
| 304 | 515 | 205 | 40 | 92 | 201 | 210 | |
| 304L | 485 | 170 | 40 | 92 | 201 | 210 | |
| 304H | 515 | 205 | 40 | 92 | 201 | - | |
304H also has a requirement for a grain size of ASTM No 7 or coarser.
Physical Properties
| Grade | Density (kg/m3) | Elastic Modulus (GPa) | Mean Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (μm/m/°C) | Thermal Conductivity (W/m.K) | Specific Heat 0-100 °C (J/kg.K) | Electrical Resistivity (nΩ.m) | |||
| 0-100 °C | 0-315 °C | 0-538 °C | at 100 °C | at 500 °C | |||||
| 304/L/H | 8000 | 193 | 17.2 | 17.8 | 18.4 | 16.2 | 21.5 | 500 | 720 |
Approximate grade comparisons for 304 stainless steels
| Grade | UNS No | Old British | Euronorm | Swedish SS | Japanese JIS | ||
| BS | En | No | Name | ||||
| 304 | S30400 | 304S31 | 58E | 1.4301 | X5CrNi18-10 | 2332 | SUS 304 |
| 304L | S30403 | 304S11 | - | 1.4306 | X2CrNi19-11 | 2352 | SUS 304L |
| 304H | S30409 | 304S51 | - | 1.4948 | X6CrNi18-11 | - | - |
These comparisons are approximate only. The list is intended as a comparison of functionally similar materials not as a schedule of contractual equivalents. If exact equivalents are needed original specifications must be consulted.
Possible Alternative Grades
| Grade | Why it might be chosen instead of 304 |
| 301L | A higher work hardening rate grade is required for certain roll formed or stretch formed components. |
| 302HQ | Lower work hardening rate is needed for cold forging of screws, bolts and rivets. |
| 303 | Higher machinability needed, and the lower corrosion resistance, formability and weldability are acceptable. |
| 316 | Higher resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion is required, in chloride environments |
| 321 | Better resistance to temperatures of around 600-900 °C is needed…321 has higher hot strength. |
| 3CR12 | A lower cost is required, and the reduced corrosion resistance and resulting discolouration are acceptable. |
| 430 | A lower cost is required, and the reduced corrosion resistance and fabrication characteristics are acceptable. |
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Post time: Jan-03-2024
